Industrial process for hot dip galvanizing

Fecha de publicaciĆ³nļ¼š2017-05-22
Compartirļ¼š

TheĀ productionĀ processĀ ofĀ hot-dipĀ galvanizedĀ sheetĀ mainlyĀ includes:Ā plateĀ preparation,Ā platingĀ pretreatment,Ā hot-dipĀ galvanizing,Ā platingĀ treatment,Ā finishedĀ productĀ inspection,Ā etc..Ā AccordingĀ toĀ theĀ habit,Ā theĀ hot-dipĀ galvanizingĀ processĀ isĀ dividedĀ intoĀ twoĀ categories,Ā thatĀ is,Ā outĀ ofĀ lineĀ annealingĀ andĀ inĀ lineĀ annealing,Ā accordingĀ toĀ differentĀ treatmentĀ methodsĀ beforeĀ plating.

OutĀ ofĀ lineĀ annealing

BeforeĀ theĀ hotĀ rolledĀ orĀ coldĀ rolledĀ steelĀ sheetĀ entersĀ theĀ hotĀ galvanizingĀ line,Ā recrystallizationĀ annealingĀ isĀ firstĀ carriedĀ outĀ inĀ aĀ bottomĀ annealingĀ furnaceĀ orĀ aĀ bellĀ typeĀ annealingĀ furnace,Ā soĀ thatĀ thereĀ isĀ noĀ annealingĀ processĀ forĀ theĀ galvanizingĀ line.Ā AĀ cleanĀ pureĀ ironĀ activeĀ surfaceĀ withoutĀ oxidesĀ andĀ otherĀ impuritiesĀ mustĀ beĀ maintainedĀ priorĀ toĀ hot-dipĀ galvanizing.Ā ThisĀ methodĀ isĀ theĀ firstĀ methodĀ toĀ removeĀ surfaceĀ oxideĀ byĀ picklingĀ ironĀ annealing,Ā thenĀ coatedĀ byĀ aĀ layerĀ ofĀ zincĀ chlorideĀ orĀ aĀ mixtureĀ ofĀ ammoniumĀ chlorideĀ andĀ zincĀ chlorideĀ solventĀ protection,Ā soĀ asĀ toĀ preventĀ theĀ steelĀ plateĀ byĀ oxidation.Ā IncludingĀ theĀ hotĀ dipĀ galvanizingĀ methodĀ belongsĀ toĀ theĀ categoryĀ ofĀ wetĀ method,Ā hotĀ galvanizedĀ sheetĀ steelĀ andĀ Huilinrefa.

WetĀ process

TheĀ solventĀ onĀ theĀ surfaceĀ ofĀ theĀ steelĀ plateĀ doesĀ notĀ dryĀ (i.e.,Ā theĀ surfaceĀ isĀ stillĀ wet)Ā andĀ entersĀ theĀ surfaceĀ ofĀ theĀ zincĀ bathĀ whichĀ isĀ coveredĀ withĀ aĀ moltenĀ solvent.Ā TheĀ disadvantageĀ ofĀ thisĀ methodĀ isĀ thatĀ itĀ canĀ onlyĀ beĀ galvanizedĀ inĀ leadĀ freeĀ condition,Ā andĀ theĀ alloyĀ layerĀ ofĀ coatingĀ isĀ veryĀ thickĀ andĀ badĀ adhesion.

TheĀ zincĀ accumulatedĀ notĀ depositedĀ toĀ theĀ bottomĀ ofĀ theĀ potĀ atĀ theĀ interfaceĀ ofĀ liquidĀ zincĀ andĀ leadĀ liquidĀ (becauseĀ theĀ zincĀ slagĀ isĀ greaterĀ thanĀ theĀ proportionĀ ofĀ liquidĀ zincĀ isĀ lessĀ thanĀ theĀ leadĀ liquid),Ā soĀ thatĀ theĀ steelĀ plateĀ throughĀ theĀ zincĀ layerĀ surfaceĀ pollution.Ā Therefore,Ā theĀ methodĀ hasĀ beenĀ basicallyĀ eliminated.

SheetĀ steelĀ sheet

ThisĀ methodĀ isĀ generallyĀ usedĀ hotĀ rollingĀ laminatedĀ plateĀ asĀ rawĀ material,Ā firstĀ ofĀ all,Ā theĀ annealedĀ steelĀ plateĀ intoĀ theĀ picklingĀ workshop,Ā withĀ sulfuricĀ acidĀ orĀ hydrochloricĀ acidĀ toĀ removeĀ theĀ surfaceĀ ofĀ theĀ steelĀ sheetĀ oxygenĀ hotĀ galvanizedĀ ironĀ sheet.Ā AfterĀ pickling,Ā theĀ steelĀ plateĀ immediatelyĀ entersĀ theĀ tankĀ andĀ isĀ soakedĀ forĀ galvanizing,Ā thusĀ preventingĀ theĀ steelĀ plateĀ fromĀ reĀ oxidation.Ā AfterĀ pickling,Ā cleaning,Ā drying,Ā drying,Ā intoĀ theĀ potĀ (theĀ temperatureĀ hasĀ remainedĀ atĀ 445Ā -Ā 465Ā degreesĀ Celsius)Ā hotĀ galvanizing,Ā andĀ thenĀ oiledĀ andĀ chromiumĀ treatment.Ā TheĀ hot-dipĀ galvanizedĀ sheetĀ producedĀ byĀ thisĀ methodĀ hasĀ significantlyĀ improvedĀ theĀ qualityĀ ofĀ wetĀ galvanizedĀ products,Ā andĀ isĀ onlyĀ ofĀ certainĀ valueĀ forĀ small-scaleĀ production.

Huilinrefa

TheĀ continuousĀ galvanizingĀ lineĀ includesĀ aĀ seriesĀ ofĀ pretreatmentĀ processes,Ā suchĀ asĀ alkalineĀ solutionĀ degreasing,Ā hydrochloricĀ acidĀ pickling,Ā waterĀ washing,Ā solventĀ coatingĀ andĀ drying,Ā etc.,Ā andĀ theĀ originalĀ plateĀ entersĀ theĀ galvanizingĀ lineĀ andĀ needsĀ toĀ beĀ coveredĀ byĀ bellĀ typeĀ annealingĀ beforeĀ galvanizing.Ā TheĀ productionĀ processĀ isĀ complex,Ā theĀ productionĀ costĀ isĀ high,Ā andĀ moreĀ importantly,Ā theĀ productsĀ producedĀ byĀ thisĀ methodĀ oftenĀ haveĀ solventĀ defects,Ā whichĀ affectĀ theĀ corrosionĀ resistanceĀ ofĀ theĀ coating.Ā AndĀ theĀ zincĀ potĀ ALĀ oftenĀ theĀ solventĀ andĀ theĀ steelĀ surfaceĀ functionĀ toĀ generateĀ aluminumĀ chlorideĀ consume,Ā deteriorationĀ ofĀ theĀ adhesionĀ ofĀ theĀ coating.Ā AlthoughĀ thisĀ methodĀ hasĀ beenĀ publishedĀ forĀ nearlyĀ thirtyĀ years,Ā itĀ hasĀ notĀ beenĀ developedĀ inĀ theĀ worldĀ hotĀ galvanizingĀ industry.

InĀ lineĀ annealing

TheĀ coldĀ rollingĀ orĀ hotĀ rollingĀ millĀ isĀ directlyĀ suppliedĀ withĀ theĀ coilĀ asĀ theĀ originalĀ plateĀ ofĀ hotĀ galvanizing,Ā andĀ theĀ gasĀ protection,Ā recrystallizationĀ andĀ annealingĀ areĀ carriedĀ outĀ inĀ theĀ hotĀ galvanizingĀ line.Ā IncludingĀ theĀ hotĀ galvanizingĀ methodĀ belongsĀ toĀ theĀ classĀ ofĀ theĀ industry:Ā theĀ SendzimirĀ method,Ā modifiedĀ SendzimerĀ method,Ā UECĀ (JapanĀ KawasakiĀ Nori);Ā SilasĀ method;Ā SharonĀ method.

sendzimir

ItĀ combinesĀ theĀ annealingĀ processĀ withĀ hotĀ galvanizingĀ process,Ā andĀ theĀ inĀ lineĀ annealingĀ mainlyĀ consistsĀ ofĀ twoĀ parts:Ā theĀ oxidationĀ furnaceĀ andĀ theĀ reductionĀ furnace.Ā InĀ theĀ oxidationĀ furnace,Ā theĀ gasĀ flameĀ isĀ heatedĀ directlyĀ toĀ aboutĀ 450Ā degrees.Ā TheĀ remainingĀ rollingĀ oilĀ onĀ theĀ stripĀ isĀ burnedĀ andĀ theĀ surfaceĀ isĀ purified.Ā TheĀ stripĀ isĀ thenĀ heatedĀ toĀ 700-800Ā degreesĀ toĀ completeĀ recrystallizationĀ annealing,Ā controlledĀ byĀ theĀ coolingĀ sectionĀ intoĀ theĀ zincĀ potĀ temperatureĀ atĀ aboutĀ 480Ā degrees,Ā andĀ finallyĀ inĀ theĀ caseĀ doesĀ notĀ contactĀ theĀ airĀ intoĀ theĀ galvanizedĀ zincĀ pot,Ā therefore,Ā highĀ yield,Ā goodĀ qualityĀ galvanizedĀ SendzimerĀ method,Ā thisĀ methodĀ hasĀ beenĀ widelyĀ applied.

UnitedĀ SteelĀ method

ItĀ isĀ aĀ varietyĀ ofĀ SenĀ JimmyĀ Apha,Ā itĀ isĀ onlyĀ usingĀ anĀ alkalineĀ electrolyticĀ degreasingĀ tankĀ insteadĀ ofĀ oxidationĀ furnaceĀ degreasing,Ā andĀ theĀ restĀ ofĀ theĀ processĀ isĀ basicallyĀ theĀ sameĀ asĀ SenĀ JimmyĀ Apha.Ā AfterĀ theĀ originalĀ plateĀ entersĀ theĀ operationĀ line,Ā theĀ electrolyticĀ degreasingĀ isĀ carriedĀ outĀ first,Ā thenĀ theĀ waterĀ isĀ washedĀ andĀ dried,Ā andĀ thenĀ theĀ recrystallizationĀ annealingĀ isĀ carriedĀ outĀ throughĀ aĀ reducingĀ furnaceĀ withĀ protectiveĀ gas.Ā Finally,Ā theĀ zincĀ isĀ dippedĀ intoĀ theĀ zincĀ potĀ toĀ beĀ hot-dipĀ galvanizedĀ underĀ theĀ sealĀ condition.Ā BecauseĀ theĀ stripĀ isĀ notĀ heatedĀ byĀ theĀ oxidationĀ furnace,Ā theĀ surfaceĀ oxideĀ filmĀ isĀ thinner,Ā andĀ theĀ hydrogenĀ contentĀ ofĀ theĀ protectiveĀ gasĀ inĀ theĀ reducingĀ furnaceĀ canĀ beĀ appropriatelyĀ reduced.Ā InĀ thisĀ way,Ā itĀ isĀ beneficialĀ toĀ furnaceĀ safetyĀ andĀ productionĀ costĀ reduction.Ā However,Ā asĀ theĀ stripĀ cannotĀ beĀ preĀ heated,Ā itĀ entersĀ theĀ reductionĀ furnace,Ā whichĀ undoubtedlyĀ improvesĀ theĀ heatĀ loadĀ ofĀ theĀ reductionĀ furnaceĀ andĀ affectsĀ theĀ serviceĀ lifeĀ ofĀ theĀ furnace.Ā Therefore,Ā thisĀ methodĀ hasĀ notĀ beenĀ widelyĀ applied.

SilasĀ method

AlsoĀ knownĀ asĀ directĀ flameĀ heatingĀ method;Ā firstĀ stripĀ byĀ alkaliĀ cleaning,Ā thenĀ useĀ hydrochloricĀ acidĀ toĀ removeĀ surfaceĀ oxide,Ā andĀ afterĀ washingĀ andĀ dryingĀ beforeĀ enteringĀ theĀ verticalĀ linesĀ directlyĀ heatedĀ byĀ theĀ gasĀ flameĀ annealingĀ furnace,Ā throughĀ strictĀ controlĀ ofĀ theĀ furnaceĀ gasĀ andĀ airĀ proportionĀ ofĀ theĀ flameĀ burning,Ā theĀ flameĀ wasĀ incompleteĀ inĀ gasĀ surplusĀ andĀ underĀ theĀ conditionĀ ofĀ insufficientĀ oxygenĀ burning,Ā therebyĀ reducingĀ atmosphereĀ inĀ theĀ furnaceĀ causedĀ by.Ā ItĀ canĀ beĀ heatedĀ rapidlyĀ toĀ achieveĀ recrystallizationĀ temperatureĀ andĀ coolĀ theĀ stripĀ steelĀ underĀ lowĀ hydrogenĀ protectionĀ atmosphere.Ā Finally,Ā theĀ zincĀ liquidĀ isĀ dippedĀ intoĀ theĀ zincĀ bathĀ underĀ closedĀ conditionĀ toĀ doĀ hotĀ galvanizing.Ā TheĀ methodĀ hasĀ theĀ advantagesĀ ofĀ compactĀ equipment,Ā lowĀ investmentĀ costĀ andĀ highĀ outputĀ (upĀ toĀ 50/Ā hours).Ā ButĀ theĀ complexityĀ ofĀ theĀ productionĀ process,Ā especiallyĀ whenĀ theĀ unitĀ stopsĀ running,Ā inĀ orderĀ toĀ avoidĀ burningĀ offĀ theĀ strip,Ā theĀ stoveĀ slidingĀ awayĀ fromĀ theĀ stripĀ method,Ā soĀ aĀ lotĀ ofĀ operationalĀ problems,Ā soĀ theĀ galvanizingĀ industryĀ usingĀ thisĀ methodĀ rarely.

SharonĀ law

InĀ 1939,Ā theĀ AmericanĀ SharonĀ companyĀ putĀ intoĀ operationĀ aĀ newĀ typeĀ ofĀ hot-dipĀ galvanizingĀ line,Ā soĀ itĀ wasĀ alsoĀ calledĀ SharonĀ method.Ā TheĀ methodĀ isĀ inĀ theĀ annealingĀ furnace